Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
PREDICTION OF SCOUR DEPTH AROUND BRIDGE PILES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
257
268
EN
K. A.
Amen
Lecturer of irrigation, water construction, and water resources,
Civil Engineering Dept, Assiut university, Assiut, Egypt
Yasser
M. R
Lecturer of irrigation, water construction, and water resources,
Civil Engineering Dept, Assiut university, Assiut, Egypt
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121211
The safe and economical design of bridge piles requires prediction of the maximum expected depths of scour of the stream bed around them. Scour at bridge piles may be defined as a local lowering in the bed elevation around the piles. A study of the local scour at bridge piles groups was experimentally and mathematically investigated. The case of six piles having the same diameter aligned with the flow direction in two rows altering the separation distance between the centerline of the three piles was established. The aim of this study is the investigation of the preferable separation distance between three piles to reduce scour around them to its minimum value. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) prediction models are more efficient in predictions models once they are trained from examples or patterns. These types of ANN models need large amount of data which should be at hand before thinking to develop such models. In this paper, the capability of ANN model to predict the maximum scour depth around bridge piles is investigated.
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121211.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121211_9dd34e6f622d36ace02d81e4f536841c.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT
269
279
EN
M. A.
Ashour
Prof. Dr. of Irrigation, water constructions and water resources,
Civil Eng. Dep., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
S. T.
El Attar
Prof. Dr. of Irrigation, water constructions and water resources,
Civil Eng. Dep., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Y. M.
Rafaat
Dr. of Irrigation , water constructions and water resources, Civil Eng.
Dep., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
M. N.
Mohamed
Technical Marketing Manger, CEMEX Company.
mnace2003@hotmail.com
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121215
Thirst for water will become one of the most pressing resource issues of the current Century. The Egyptian water resources system is composed of many interacting components and intermingles with social, economic and environmental systems, which are also complex and uncertain. Fresh water resources include River Nile flow, precipitation and groundwater from both renewable and non-renewable aquifers. Egypt also practices the use of various types of marginal quality water, such as reuse of agricultural drainage water, reuse of treated domestic wastewater. In addition to the non-conventional water resources, desalination is being used to provide domestic water supply for some locations along the Mediterranean and the Red Sea coasts [3]. Egypt has reached a stage where the quantity of water is imposing limits on its economic development. The per capita share of water is continuously declining. The present share is below 1000 cm/capita/year (Sep. 2004), a figure that, according to international standards, is equal to the “water poverty limit” for a nation. This value might drop to 500 cm/capita/year in the year 2025, which would indicate “water scarcity”. In terms of water quality, the few data available indicate that there exists a rapid degradation in surface and groundwater quality [1]. Nile River is the main source of water in Egypt and we should pay more attention to make use of each drop, and reduces loss to the minimum as we can. In the present paper we introduce a brief study about the evaluation of the existing water resources in Egypt and also the main resources of losses and how to deal with it. Also we should give attention to other important resources of water.
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121215.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121215_6cc5ca6a5488c53d556bafd62efa199f.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
SHEAR STRENGTH OF PLATE GIRDER WEB PANEL WITH OPENING AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
281
302
EN
Ahmed
S. Elamary
Lecturer, Structural Engineering Department, University of Al-Azhar, Qena-Egypt
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121218
For flexibility of accommodating building service plants, openings are often introduced to the web of steel beams which affects the structural behaviour of the beams. The available design methods developed only for the ambient temperature situation. This paper is concerning with the effect of web opening in the ultimate shear capacity of the web panel at elevated temperature. The investigation will include the plate girders web panel containing centrally circular or square holes. In order to provide accurate assessment to the shear load carrying capacity of plate girder web panel with openings, a finite element model was established with both material and geometrical non-linearity by using ANSYS software package. Accuracy of the model is assessed by applying it to plate girders tested earlier by other researchers. Comparison of analytical results with the available experimental results for yielding patterns, ultimate load values and load–deflection relationships show good agreement between the finite element and experimental results thus validating the accuracy of the proposed model. A parametric study is undertaken to gain additional insight into the overall behaviour, failure modes, and deformation capacity for circular and square shapes of web panel openings with various sizes at elevated temperature. From these analyses, it is concluded that, variation of the ultimate shear capacity of plate girders with respect to the size of openings for girders with circular or square openings dropped continuously with increasing the temperature and the size of opening; and the drop in load carrying capacity increases significantly as the temperature increase and the opening size gets larger in size. Finally, an equation based on the results of numerical finite element analyses proposed to anticipate the reduction of the ultimate shear force due to circular or square opening size.
shear load,plate girder,web opening,Elevated temperature
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121218.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121218_05e548294a9072fad54d800ba893878b.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO PROTECT STEEL REINFORCING BARS FROM CORROSION
303
318
EN
Sayed,
A. E
Associate Professors, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of
Engineering, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
Mohamed
R. A. S.
Associate Professors, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of
Engineering, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121219
Steel is an essential part of reinforcing concrete and the corrosion of steel is identified as single largest factor responsible for its deterioration. The alkalinity of concrete, which protects the steel, may be affected by carbonation of the concrete, or by ingress of chloride ions. These may arise from sea salts or environmental corrosives. The corrosion of steel in concrete leads to cracking and eventual spalling of concrete because the rust product has a greater volume than the steel and hence exerts considerable pressure on concrete which eventually leads to its disintegration. Since the 1970s, research projects and field studies have been conducted on different methods for protecting steel reinforcing in concrete constructions from corrosion damage. These methods include rebar coatings, concrete coatings, use of admixtures, methods for decreasing permeability, increasing concrete cover, cathodic protection, electrochemical method to remove chloride, and corrosion inhibitors. The purpose of this research is to implement three different protection methods on the reinforcing steel bars to prevent or minimize the occurrence of corrosion as well as to detect the most effective method in the protection technology of steel bars. The parameters studied in this research are the corrosion rate and percentage of chloride. The three protection methods are, coating the steel bars before embedding them in concrete using two different epoxy coating materials as well as using sodium nitrite (by 1% of cement content) to be added to the concrete mix to work as a corrosion inhibitor. Pullout tests have been carried out and their results are discussed to determine the effect of the implemented different methods for protecting steel from corrosion on the bond strength. The results indicated that the sodium nitrite give the best results as an anticorrosive material, adding 1% to concrete mix increases the pull-out load by value of 300% but the epoxy coating materials produced an increase in pull-out load by values 215 % and 240 % increase with the two Epoxy coating materials. Three reinforced concrete full-scale beams protected from corrosion along with a control beam were tested under flexure to study the effect of the applied corrosion protection methods on the mechanical behavior of R.C beams.
Sodium Nitrite,corrosion protection,epoxy-coated,reinforcement corrosion inhibitor
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121219.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121219_e93a50ba4a816ae7ae4e317a552e41f7.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
STRUCTURAL SEMI-LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE USING CRUSHED HOLLOW BLOCK (CHB) AS LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE.
319
330
EN
Faiz A.
M. Mirza
Civil Engineering Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi
Arabia. P.O.Box: 6298,
faizmirza@hotmail.com
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121220
The properties of structural lightweight concrete produced using crushed hollow block as semi-lightweight coarse aggregate were investigated. The crushed hollow block (CHB) was treated by solution of silica fume and calcium hydroxide of different concentrations (10 and 20%) by weight of mixing water. The performance of semi-lightweight concrete made with treated CHB and containing silica fume as an additional cementitious material at different percents (0, 5, 10, 15 % by weight of cement) was investigated on terms of physical properties. Test results proved that , using treated artificial semi-lightweight aggregate increase the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete, the idea of using cured aggregate by pozzolanic material solution must be taken into consideration. The need of using supplementary cementitious materials such as silica fume must be detected to enhance the performance of semilightweight concrete
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121220.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121220_526d8033cee50e6bbaa1dac6e4236163.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
MAJOR PARAMETERS SITE SELECTION OF WALA DAM
331
344
EN
O.
Dhaimat,
Isra Univ., Jordan
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121222
Water is an important substance for human kind and other survivals on the earth due to its role for their growth, survive, and activities. For that, it covers more than seventy percent of the earth surface and human body weight. But, unfortunately most of the water is saline and available fresh water doesn't increase one percent. Earth is divided into four zones based on the rainfall amount and meteorological factors known as humid, semihumid, semi-arid, and arid. Their annual rainfall more than 600 mm , 300 – 600 mm , 100 – 300 mm , and less than 100 mm respectively. Jordan is located in semi arid region which faces day by day a shortage of rainfall and fewer amounts of surface and groundwater. These conditions force the public sector to work hard for obtaining new water resources in order to match the incremental of population growth and water demand. Dams consider preferable structures of collecting surface water and recharging ground water during winter season .But, it needs a lot of study and using latest fashions of tools and technology for site selection and dam construction in order to reach required goals with proper means. Remote sensing and geographical information system consider suitable tools of collecting, input analysis, and output data. Wala dam was the attractive one to study the necessary selecting parameters of site selection by using these tools in popular way for planners and decision makers in Jordan
water,Jordan,dam,surface water,ground water,Remote Sensing,Geographic Information System
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121222.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121222_7395bc3bb2bd7db412478a3188d30936.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
ROBUST CONTROL OF AN ISOLATED HYBRID WIND-DIESEL POWER SYSTEM USING LINEAR QUADRATIC GAUSSIAN APPROACH
375
392
EN
Ahmed M.
Kassem
Control Technology Dep., Beni-Suef University, Egypt
kassem_ahmed53@hotmail.com
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121224
This paper presents the application of the Linear Quadretic Gaussian (LQG) controller for voltage and frequency regulation of an isolated hybrid wind-diesel scheme. The scheme essentially consists of a vertical axis wind turbine driving a self-excited induction generator connected via an asynchronous (AC-DC-AC) link to a synchronous generator driven by a diesel engine. The synchronous generator is equipped with a voltage regulator and a static exciter. The wind generator and the synchronous generator together cater for the local load and power requirement. However, the load bus voltage and frequency are governed by the synchronous generator. The control objective aims to regulate the load voltage and frequency. This is accomplished via controlling the field voltage and rotational speed of the synchronous generator. The complete nonlinear dynamic model of the system has been described and linearized around an operating point. The standard Kalman filter technique has been employed to estimate the full states of the system. The computational burden has been minimized to a great extent by computing the optimal state feedback gains and the Kalman state space model off-line. The proposed controller has the advantages of robustness, fast response and good performance. The hybrid wind diesel energy scheme with the proposed controller has been tested through a step change in both wind speed and load impedance. Simulation results show that accurate tracking performance of the proposed hybrid wind diesel energy system has been achieved
Wind turbine,Induction Generator,Synchronous generator,robust control and LQG control
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121224.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121224_5b35c7c491756bddbcf149aa7f300e5e.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
ROTOR RESISTANCE IDENTIFICATION FOR SPEED SENSORLESS VECTOR CONTROLLED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES TAKING SATURATION INTO ACCOUNT
393
412
EN
Yehia S.
Mohamed
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia
University, EL-Minia, Egypt.
A. M.
El-Sawy
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia
University, EL-Minia, Egypt.
sawy1980@yhaoo.com
A. A.
Zaki
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, El-Minia
University, EL-Minia, Egypt.
10.21608/jesaun.2009.121225
This paper aims at developing a method of rotor resistance estimation for speed sensorless indirect vector controlled induction motor drive taking the effect of magnetic flux saturation into account. A mathematical dynamic model of an induction motor as influenced by magnetic circuit saturation is presented. Moreover, a modified structure of indirect vector controller scheme is proposed which involves the saturated value of the magnetizing inductance. In this scheme, an effective online method for rotor resistance estimation is based on a modified model reference adaptive system (MRAS) to achieve high-precise control in a wide range of motor speed. The motor speed is estimated from the difference between the estimated synchronous speed and slip speed. The online magnetizing inductance estimation algorithm to operate within the rotor resistance estimation is presented. Digital simulations have been carried out in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless drive system. The results have proven excellent steady-state and dynamic performances of the drive system, which confirms validity of the proposed scheme.
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121225.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_121225_5782a25fea649c3159323c74678e5ea8.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE AUTOMOTIVE RADIATOR PERFORMANCE USING LOUVERED-FIN HEAT EXCHANGER
345
362
EN
Mohamed
El-sayed Gomaa
Specialized Studies Academy, Workers University, Technology Dept.,
Ismailia, EGYPT.
msgomaas@hotmail.com
10.21608/jesaun.2009.125346
In the present work, experimental and numerical investigations have been performed to determine the performance of an automotive radiator using louvered–fin geometry with reference to flat-fin geometry. Four radiators specimens were designed and manufactured, three specimens with different louvered fin per inch and the other with flat fin. The experimental work was carried out on a four cylinders petrol engine (Seat-124A).The effects of engine speed, number of fins per inch (FPI), Reynolds number and radiator boundary conditions on the radiator performance were investigated at a certain louvered angle of 25º. The specific fuel consumption was also investigated experimentally. Numerical CFD investigation using finite volume discretization method was also conducted to predict the radiator performance extensively. The momentum and energy equations were solved by the second order up wind scheme. The air flow and heat transfer through the louvered fin passage were treated using the k- RNG turbulence model. For the validation of the numerical model, the numerical results were compared with corresponding experimental data. It was noticed that the level of the turbulence increases through the transition region of the louvered flowpassage which will lead to a disturbance of the boundary layer thickness and hence, the increase in the heat transfer coefficient was achieved.. The results indicated that an improvement of about 23% in the Nusselt number and a decrease of about 19% in the specific fuel consumption at full load could be achieved due to using louvered-fin geometry compared to flat-fin geometry at the same operating conditions.
Engine cooling system,automotive radiators,Louvered fins
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_125346.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_125346_a8f7629e4eb7e089f13b453203abcb61.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF LOW ASPECT RATIO ASYMMETRIC DIFFUSER
363
374
EN
W. A.
Aissa
Mechanical Power Department, High Institute of Energy, South Valley
University, Aswan, Egypt.
walid_aniss@yahoo.com
M. S.
Eissa
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Power Department, High Institute of Energy,
South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt
Tel/Fax: +[20] 97 3480450
W. A.
Abdel-Fadeel
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Power Department, High Institute of Energy,
South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt
Tel/Fax: +[20] 97 3480450
I. K.
Mohamed
Assistant Professor, Mechanical Power Department, High Institute of Energy,
South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt
Tel/Fax: +[20] 97 3480450
10.21608/jesaun.2009.125350
The goal of the present study is to investigate the flow through an asymmetric low aspect ratio planar diffuser. The flow which is fully developed channel flow inlet conditions is both experimentally investigated and computed using commercial cfd code, fluent. Rng k- model is used as a turbulence model and standard wall function is used. The questions about the two-dimensionality of the flow are investigated. The Reynolds number of diffuser inlet flow is 3.5 x 105 based on the centerline velocity and the channel height. Flow is visualized to get insight view of the flow map in the diffuser.
Asymmetric diffuser,fluent code,rng k- model,flow visualization,experimental
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_125350.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_125350_fdd20a2821c6f67ca9de56d197d3fdc1.pdf
Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
1687-0530
2356-8550
37
No 2
2009
03
01
POTENTIAL USE OF PHOSPHATE WASTES AS AGGREGATES IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION
413
422
EN
A. A.
AHMED
Assiut Univ., Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Mining & Metallurgy,
Assiut 71516, Egypt
A. Z. M.
ABOUZEID
Cairo Univ., Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Mining, Giza 12613 ,
Egypt
10.21608/jesaun.2009.125357
Large quantities of solid wastes are generated in El-Nassar Mining Company at Sebaeya, Egypt as a result of mineral processing of phosphate ores. Over the years, the majority of these wastes have been stored in dumping areas which is aesthetically unattractive and degrading to the environment. However, these wastes, because of their similarity to conventional soils and aggregates, represent potentially useful sources of material for a variety of applications. This paper is concerned with investigating the suitability of the coarse solid wastes generated from upgrading sebaeya phosphate ores as aggregates for road paving. The properties of these wastes are tested, according to the Egyptian Standard Test Methods for road constructions. The obtained results proved that this kind of wastes can be used in road construction. The positive uses of these wastes are considered beneficial from the economic and environmental point of view.
Phosphate,waste utilization,Road Construction,Aggregates,Environmental cleaning
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_125357.html
https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_125357_7cbd5fbcb914868d0186aa60474141a7.pdf