Assiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101EFFECT OF USING CORNER REINFORCEMENT ON THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF R.C SOLID SLABS1321134112850510.21608/jesaun.2009.128505ENAly G. AlyProfessor of structural Engineering, King Abdulaziz UniversityFayez K. Abd El-SayeDProfessor of structural Engineering, King Abdulaziz UniversityM. Hamed HusseinAssociate Professor of structural Engineering, Assiut University.Zainab Ebraheem Abd El-ShafyAssistant lecturer, Civil Eng. Dept., Assiut University.Hamedo Mohamady Abd Elshafy El NagdyB.S.c, Civil Engineering, Assiut University (Currently working in Suez
Canal Authority)Journal Article20090729This research introduces the real behaviour of R.C two-way slab with additional top and bottom corner reinforcement. Such reinforcement contributes in stiffening slabs corner to resist torsional and shear stresses. For this purpose a numerical studies have been performed to illustrate the effect of such reinforcement on the structural behaviour of R.C slabs .the 3D-FEM model through (ANSYS) software package has been used to accomplish this study, the eight node solid element is used to model the concrete, this element is capable of having plastic deformation, cracking in three orthogonal directions, and crushing which were all taken into consideration. The reinforcement was modelled as a three–dimensional bar element. In this research several parameters have been taken into consideration :(a)percentage of slab main reinforcement;( b) percentage of corner reinforcement as a ratio from the main reinforcement ;(c) corner reinforcement spacing;(d)margin beam stiffness ;(e)slab rectangularity. The results show that the existence of corner reinforcement in R.C two-way slabs improves considerably the structural behaviour of such slabs leading to higher ultimate load and lower values for deflection. In this research the maximum midspan deflection and the ultimate load carrying capacity were recorded. It has been found for the studied cases that the increase of load carrying capacity is up to (28%) and the decrease in central deflection of slab is up to (30%). From this study it can be found that the distribution of corner reinforcement (S=7, 14,21cm) and its percentage from the main steel (43%, 72%, 100%) has a significant effect on increasing ultimate load and decreasing the central deflectionhttps://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128505_13f58419a7127a7ad0672f206d9ca19f.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAMS WITH OPENINGS SUBJECTED TO STATIC AND REPEATED LOADINGS1343135812851110.21608/jesaun.2009.128511ENAtif M. Abdel HafezCivil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut UniversityJournal Article20090811This paper presents the results of an experimental research on reinforced high strength concrete beams with web rectangular openings to determine their behaviour and ultimate strengths, and to compare these strengths with those predicted using the available equations. Test variables were length of openings, details of steel reinforcement around the openings, longitudinal main steel ratio, and type of loading (static-repeated). Test results showed that the ultimate load of beams with openings reduces by about 10 to 45% compared to similar solid beams. Provided that the same amount and scheme of reinforcement used, an increase in opening length, decreases both stiffness and strength of the beam. Diagonal bars at corners of openings results in spreading of cracking away from openings and reducing beam deflection, but it does not have significant influence on strength of the beam. The effects of transverse openings on overall response of reinforced concrete beams in shear becomes remarkable as main steel ratio (ρ) increases. Increasing shear reinforcement (stirrups) in the top and bottom chords of the openings increases slightly the cracking load; while increases significantly the ultimate load. Repeated load has no effect on either strength or mode of failure of the tested beams. The available equations do not produce satisfactory results for predicating the ultimate shear strength of highstrength concrete beams with openings.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128511_5c925880db032375b6a1d0c270e4a082.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101SIMPLIFY CHARTS FOR THE DESIGN OF VERTICAL FORMWORK SYSTEMS1359136712851210.21608/jesaun.2009.128512ENK. M. ShawkiAssistant Professor, construction and building engineering Dept. Collage of
Engineering and Technology Arab Academy for Science, Technology and
Martine Transport -Alexandria –EgyptJournal Article20090816This paper presents simplify charts for the design of traditional wall formwork systems. The first step is to determine the pressure due to fresh concrete using the cement type , concrete weight , rate of placing and the temperature .The second step is to determine the safe distance between studs using plywood thicknesses 19 or 22 or25 mm .The third step is to determine the distance between walls using studs of 50*100 mm (2*4 in) or 50*125 mm (2*5 in) or 50*150 mm (2*6 in) lumber .Finally the safe distance between ties is determined using wale section of double 50*100mm (2*4 in) or 50*125 mm (2*5 in) lumber.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128512_128b2dc79bca7ec4942cff60fdae4809.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STATIC SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAMS AS COMPARED WITH NORMAL STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAMS.1369138712851410.21608/jesaun.2009.128514ENH.M. SaghairCivil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut UniversityF. KaiserCivil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut UniversityKhairy Hassan ACivil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut UniversityKaram Abdou AwadCivil Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Assiut UniversityJournal Article20090908In the current study, nineteen reinforced concrete beams were tested to investigate the static shear behavior of high strength concrete beams as compared with normal strength concrete beams. The concrete compressive strength of the beams at the age of the tests ranged from 300 to 800 kg/cm2 . The parameters of the study included the concrete strength, shear span to depth ratio a/d, the amount of shear reinforcement (stirrup spacing S) and the inclination of the stirrups with the horizontal axis of the beam. The details of the beam specimens, material properties, instrumentation and the testing procedure are described in this paper. The test results are presented and discussed, and the influence of each design parameter is investigated. Furthermore, parametric analysis was carried out to deduce equations for predicting the cracking and ultimate shear strength and the ratio between them for both normal and high strength concrete beams. Test results are also compared with different existing approaches.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128514_c41e7e259f93ccb8cc7a633574f34d9f.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101EFFECT OF METAKAOLIN ON STRENGTH AND DURABILITY OF CONCRETE1389140512852210.21608/jesaun.2009.128522ENMohamed Ahmed Ali AlmattarTeacher - Industrial Technical Institute - Sana'a
Civil Engineering Department - College of Engineering - Sana'a University, May 2009Hassan Saad Abdul-MughniAssociate Professor of Structural , Civil Engineering Department - College of Engineering - Sana'a University, May 2009Suleiman Ismail Al-SafiAssistant Professor of Structural Engineering - University of Sana'a , Civil Engineering Department - College of Engineering - Sana'a University, May 2009Journal Article20090927The aim of this investigation is to study the performance of concrete containing different percentages of local metakaolin and to identify the optimum addition percentage and to compare the performance of metakaolin with other pozzolanic materials as silica fume . The study focuses on the strength and durability of concrete of the blended concrete containing different percentages of metakaolin for two types. The concrete mixture with the percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement in the first type used W/C = 0.55. Concrete Cubes are tested at the age of 3, 7, 14, 28, and 60 days. The results showed that the strength development of concrete blended with Metakaolin is enhanced. It was found that 5% of Metakaolin appears to be the optimum, where concrete exhibits enhanced compressive and tensile strength at all ages compared to reference samples. The second Type concrete mixture used superplasticizer to reduce water/cement ratio (W/C=0.4) to keep the same slump (75-120mm). The concrete mixture with the percentages of 5% and 10% by weight of cement is prepared. Concrete sample are tested at the age of 7, 14, 28, 60, and 90 days. In addition to both absorption and permeability test at 28 days. The result showed that the strength development of concrete blended with metakaolin is enhanced. Also, it was found that 5% appears to be the optimum. Where metakaolin concrete 5% exhibits enhanced compressive and tensile strength at all ages compared to reference samples. When compared the results of silica fume and metakaolin appear to be an effective pozzolan in enhancing concrete strength. From the study, it is clear that metakaolin is a very reactive pozzolan and results in enhanced strength and some improvement in Durability.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128522_26e69c92c9d14536963e5697532f7ed3.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE MONOTONIC BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL CONCRETE COMPOSITE SLAB-TO-COLUMN CONNECTING SYSTEMS1407142212852510.21608/jesaun.2009.128525ENAhmed S. ElamaryDepartment of Structural Engineering, Al-Azhar University- Qena – EgyptJournal Article20091027This paper presents a study devoted to the definition of technical solutions for improving the seismic performance of steel-concrete composite beam-to-column joints. In particular, this investigation is focused on the role of the concrete slab in how to increase the transferring capacity of the compressive forces between slab and partially encased composite columns. Based on the approach proposed by the Eurocode 8, the bearing capacity of the concrete slab in compression is globally schematized using strut & tie mechanisms. On the basis of this model, the numerical analyses and the experimental results were utilized to study the effect of different variables in the overall behaviour of joint. A parametric study was undertaken using the validated model performed using ANSYS finite element program. The parametric numerical analyses were executed to study the effect of relevant parameters (concrete class, reinforcing bar diameter and column steel profile) on the performance of both the resistant internal mechanisms of concrete slab and the slab-column connecting mechanism. Based on the obtained results, the friction and the cohesion factors existed in the design shear formula, proposed by AASHTO and EN1992- 1-1. From this study, it can be concluded that, the column inertia and concrete compressive strength are the main factors in joint behaviour. More and over, the cohesion factor can be taken as a percentage from concrete compressive strength to allow a practical tool to anticipate the ultimate strength of the slabs.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128525_6a586b8f293a3ccc4598dabfe118b3a2.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101EFFICIENT TECHNIQUE FOR BLIND SEPARATION OF POST-NONLINEAR MIXED SIGNALS1463147812852910.21608/jesaun.2009.128529ENUsama Sayed MohammedElectrical Engineering Department,Faculty of Engineering,Assiut University,
Assiut, EgyptHany SaberDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Eng., South Valley University,
Aswan, EgyptJournal Article20090513This paper proposes a new method to solve the post-nonlinear blind source separation problem (PNLBSS). The method is based on the fact that the distribution of the output signals of the linearly mixed system are approximately Gaussian distributed. According to the central limit theory, if one can manage the probability density function (PDF) of the nonlinear mixed signals to be Gaussian distribution, then this means that the signals becomes linearly mixed in spite of the PDF of its separate components. In this paper, the short time Gaussianization utilizing the B-spline neural network is used to ensure that the distribution of the signal is converted to the Gaussian distribution. These networks are built using neurons with flexible B-spline activation functions. The fourth order moment is used as a measurement of Gaussianization. After finishing the Gaussianization step, linear blind source separation method is used to recover the original signals. Performed computer simulations have shown the effectiveness of the idea, even in presence of strong nonlinearities and synthetic mixture of real world data.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128529_db38c8f89efe0d275ef2af150fef9c2d.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101DOMINANCE OF THE RESONANT MODES IN A HOMOGENEOUS DIELECTRIC SPHEROIDAL PARTICLE ILLUMINATED WITH A FOCUSED GAUSSAIN BEAM1479148812853010.21608/jesaun.2009.128530ENElsayed Esam M. KhaledElec. Eng. Dept., Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptJournal Article20090629Dominance of the resonant modes on the internal intensities of a homogeneous spheroidal particle illuminated with a focused, polarized, and shifted Gaussian beam is investigated. The results are calculated for a wider range of size parameter and axial ratio for both prolates and oblates spheroids. The plane wave spectrum and the T-matrix methods are used to calculate the internal electric field intensities. The results show that the resonant modes in an oblate spheroid are more pronounced than in a prolate spheroidal particle. The resonant modes in a spheroidal particle have lower quality factor than those in a spherical particle. The behavior of the internal intensities shows that a high quality factor (loworder) resonant mode(s) can dominate the internal intensities over a wide range of size parameter. This dominance of the resonant modes in a spheroidal particle is larger than those in a spherical particle.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128530_4ab0097aba5db47fd92e8755e26ce029.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION OF MOVING VEHICLE1489149812853310.21608/jesaun.2009.128533ENA. SHAWKYTeaching Assistant, Modern Sciences and Art University (MSA), EgyptA. HAMDYComm. And Electronics Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University,
Cairo, EgyptH. KESHKComm. And Electronics Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University,
Cairo, EgyptM. EL_ADAWYComm. And Electronics Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University,
Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20090721This paper presents a license plate recognition system of moving vehicles for Egyptian license plates. The proposed system extracts the characters features of a plate from a captured image by a digital video camera. Then it identifies numbers and characters of the plate using a multilayer neural network. The proposed system consists mainly of two processes: the first one is the training process, in which a database is build and the neural networks used for recognition are trained. The second one is the recognition process which consists of vehicle detection from the stream of frames, a plate position estimation, words and numbers segmentation, and plate recognition stages.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128533_522301a29f0b7e2ab090e5375ae79722.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATORS FOR PRECISE MOTION APPLICATIONS1423143212853910.21608/jesaun.2009.128539ENAmr M. ElsayedDemonstrator . Mechatronics Section, Department of Mechanical EngineeringAhmed A. Abo-IsmaiProfessor, Mechatronics Section, Department of Mechanical EngineeringMohammed E. ElTaibAssistant Professor , Mechatronics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Moumen T. El-MelegyAssociate Professor , Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Assiut University, Assuit (71516), EgyptJournal Article20090512In this paper, the static and dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric actuators (micromanipulator) are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A physical measurement setup is established for bimorph bending actuators. The actuator deflection is calculated for different driving voltages and compared with the measured values. Transient response due to a step input was very fast, the bandwidth obtained was 101Hz.The Transient, and frequency responses are obtained under different operating conditions.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128539_fe1bc423067709d65c40e6e6fa28a42a.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101EXPERIMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF SPRAY TYPE HUMIDIFIER IN HUMIDIFICATION-DEHUMIDIFICATION DESALINATION UNIT1433144712855210.21608/jesaun.2009.128552ENM. G. Morsya Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Assiut
University, AssiutI. M. IsmailProfessor of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Assiut
University, AssiutAli M. A. SolimanInstructor, Industrial Technical Institute of Sohag, SohagJournal Article20090524A humidification-dehumidification desalination unit was built to study the effect of different operating parameters on the unit performance in the range of inlet water temperature of 33 o to 55 o C. The productivity of the unit and energy consumption are evaluated under various operating parameters. It is found that air velocity, inlet water temperature and droplet residence times are the most effective parameters on the unit productivity. At different operating conditions, the ratio of the energy consumed in the production of condensation or evaporation to the energy input (GOR) and the available energy consumed per unit of condensate or evaporate (SCA) based on condensation rate are strongly depending upon inlet water temperature and air mass flow rate. The unit productivity is approaching 8 kg/h of desalinated water at inlet water temperature of 55 o C which is quite good achievement.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128552_52e09c54d6839cd74f9e2a0317e7f059.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101A FUZZY MODEL FOR EVALUATION, PREDICTION AND CONTROL OF SLURRY EROSION OF DUCTILE MATERIALS1449146112855810.21608/jesaun.2009.128558ENMahmoud A. El-ShariefMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut
University, 71516 Assiut, EgyptM.A. HassanMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut
University, 71516 Assiut, EgyptA. AboulKasemMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut
University, 71516 Assiut, EgyptJournal Article20090713This paper introduces a fuzzy logic model to evaluate, predict and control the slurry erosion of ductile materials in engineering and chemical applications. There are seven variables which have the most significant influences on the slurry erosion of ductile material, and must be taken into considerations. These are impact angle, time, roundness factor, aspect ratio, particle size, impact velocity and concentration of the particles. By using the fuzzy rules which can be generated based on some experimental observations, a two-layer fuzzy model could be developed to correlate these variables to the slurry erosion (weight loss of material). The model is based on the assumption that the slurry erosion characteristics of ductile materials is an imprecise complex function of many interacting variables, and can be described and evaluated by the theory of fuzzy sets. Membership functions and fuzzy rule-base for application to slurry erosion of 5127 steel as a ductile material are presented in detail to demonstrate the effectiveness of fuzzy logic in modeling such a complex system in an efficient way. This constructed model would facilitate the development of an expert, real-time and integrated system using fuzzy logic technology to monitor and control the level of the slurry erosion processhttps://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128558_2114e286624523cc2c8bca02448097dc.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101URBAN SPACES AND ITS REFLECTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOLY MECCA1499153012855910.21608/jesaun.2009.128559ENAhmed Mohamed A .Al-HazmiSana'a University, Faculty of Engineering 00967-711114526-
777134526Journal Article20090227The increased demand for schemes to construct private buildings for citizens, particularly in Mecca, is a result of the enormous urban development in most cities of Saudi Arabia Kingdom, especially during the last decade, where the buildings are considered good investment (by rent) in Hajj seasons. This has overshadowed some schemes that deal with economy when the failure to provide squares and external parks didn't maintain the required balance between the building and the green areas. The sense of responsibility to construct and build the land, and to use natural resources wisely and to try to limit the density of so- called asphalt forests that are represented by streets bridges and buildings, whether these are residential or civil, on the expenses of green areas, all that necessitates a trial to preserve what is left of open spaces in the urban fabric of holy Mecca. And as holy Mecca has an important and distinctive value to Muslims that is due to the existence of much valued Kaabah, and while human nature has a tendency towards natural, environmental life, as well as towards greenery, water and beauty, there is a need, then, to restore the balance to the human environment. As the design process of urban open spaces for cities depends on a full understanding of the balance between the needs of population, The local customs, and the requirements of the place, and as Mecca is one of the most important areas at the global, Arab and local level, this revealed gave the importance to this study. The research also aims through its study of the urban spaces of Mecca at showing how to develop urban intellect in society at the concerned officials who work on the improvement and development of the areas of Al-Haram Al-Sharif. That in addition to the engineers who specialize in zoning and areas planning and architectural designers from an environmental perspective in order to create green spaces and decongesting parks that would develop the study region socially and environmentally.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128559_de760c451a9fa89d065a2cf601cc3569.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101ECONOMIC REVITALIZATION OF INNER CITY SLUMS CREATIVE CASE STUDIES TO FINANCE THIS REVITALIZATION1531154912856110.21608/jesaun.2009.128561ENKhaled Abdel Aziz Othman Abdel AzizLecturer at the Faculty of Engineering - Fayoum University
Faiyum - Arab Republic of EgyptAmir Saleh Ahmed AminLecturer at the Faculty of Engineering - Fayoum University
Faiyum - Arab Republic of EgyptJournal Article20090623The Revitalization of the Inner city Slums involves both the Renewal of the physical fabric and the active Economic use, There is a need for both physical and economic Revitalization, One may prefigure the other, but to do this Revitalization and Development, We need some sources to finance it, and to do this, we need to activate these districts economically. In terms of the pattern of economic activities, few cities are static: The fortunes of individual areas fluctuate over time, Note how every city tends to have a Golden Era after which, for many, decline ensues, Part of the fascination of the twentieth century has been the attempts of some older cities to reinvent themselves after initially being written off following rapid deindustrialization, In many cities, to achieve a Second Golden Era and to reposition themselves within the global economy. Then to do this paper, we need to discuss the Concept and Definition of The Inner City Slums, The Concept of Economic Value, The factors influencing all urban areas, The Obsolescence Concept and some of the creative case studies to revitalize these districts economically, and so, We can Revitalize, Renew, and develop these districts.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128561_8a1d0decc92701c29901a8e0abe79f59.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101IMPACT OF CONFLICT BETWEEN REGIONAL PLANNING POLICY AND CITIES STRATEGIES UPON CITIES URBAN SITUATION CASE STUDY: MANSOURA CITY, EGYPT1551158012856310.21608/jesaun.2009.128563ENDalia Hussain El-DardiryAssistant Professor of Urban Developing, Alexandria UniversityEslam El-GhonaimyAssociate Professor of Architecture, Alexandria UniversityJournal Article20090623This paper discuss the problem of urban growth of metropolitan cities, which often occur steadily at the expense of land, especially if the attention of planners urban development comes in the framework of achieving people's needs and maintain the city's resources in a balanced, and that witnesses the world to economic changes and transformations with multiple end of the twentieth century and the beginnings of the new century (globalization, new world economic order, a revolution of information and communication). These global changes will have significant impact on the attitudes of urban development in Egypt, especially in determining the direction and rate of urban development. The reasons for choosing the city of Mansoura to a case study because of its specifications are similar to the regional cities which are urban growth at the expense of the surrounding agricultural land, the growth is not simple, particularly as it is on the agricultural land classified as firstclass in terms of quality and richness of soil productivity and crop structure. Hence the importance of studying and monitoring the growth of the city to prevent the negative effects of unregulated growth and shows that significantly through the study of urban growth of the city from 1903 until now. Therefore, research aims to:
assess the usefulness of governmental actions to the problems of urban growth and the success of the planned destruction of the city of Mansoura in 2012 to solve the problem of urbanization and the development of residential areas degraded.
to provide the best solutions to overcome the problems of urban growth (urban and environmental), by providing a new vision of the concept applied to the nature of the planned destruction of the city of Mansoura to impose conditions and improve the quality of housing, through an overview of the future based on communication and sustainability, and optimal utilization of available resources in the city.
analysis and evaluation of policies and strategies proposed to solve the problems of urban growth in the development plans to provide a new vision of the scheme of the city of Mansoura year.
He specialized in research examining the negative consequences for the growth of the city of Mansoura to unplanned land use and therefore the residential areas, then make several assumptions have been aimed at achieving the objective of the research are as follows:
the level in the Nile Delta: The Politics of Urban Development Region must be consistent with the absorptive capacity of cities in the region taking into account the mutual influences between these cities to each other.
the level of Daqahliya: policies and strategies to solve the problems of land should be through a policy of comprehensive, integrated and not part of these strategies should be based on the thought of sustainable development.
the level of the city of Mansoura: The planned destruction of the city of Mansoura in 2012 is not appropriate to resolve the problems urban city, the new thought for another comprehensive plan must be submitted.
Method of research is descriptive method of the suit and comparative study between the target and has been implemented - the analytical method to analyze urban growth of the city - the measurements and analysis of the results of these measurements, especially for the extent of contamination incident in the city.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128563_74b6a926e3889b6209bef8a9112f7fff.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053037No 620091101A STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY OF COLD ENERGY UTILIZATION OF THE DEPTHS OF YEMEN REGIONAL SEA WATERS1581159912856810.21608/jesaun.2009.128568ENAbdullah Ahmed BarediCollege of Engineering and Petroleum - Hadramout University of Science and TechnologyJournal Article20090722The results of our research work point to the possibility of introducing a new source of energy added to the other sources of renewable energy prevailing in Yemen. That is the energy of the cold waters at the depth of the sea (Exergy of cold water) in the Yemeni region of which the temperature reaches 2.6 oC at 2400 m deep. Three maps were identified and put for some astronomical sites of Yemeni regional waters of Aden gulf for the objective of their study. The physicothermal data relating to water surface up to 2400 m deep were studied and analyzed in order to define the sort of cooling media which can be used in the technology of this energy source. For that purpose, the gases of Freon were chosen: R40, R142a, R22, R12, Cl2 and the sea cold water depths H2OSCW. The study of the physical, therodynemical, hydrocrystalline and gaseous properties of these media make us able to put a suggestion for three individual systems working by the closed physico-thermal circle and combined with the temperature of the deep sea waters for each working medium. These suggested systems are as the following: The first system for air conditioning is working on the gaseous hydrocrysalline method and uses the media of Cl2, R40, RI42a, R22, and R12. The second system for air conditioning is working on the all water system and uses the medium H2OSCW.The third system is working on the gaseous hydrocrystalline method of sea water desalination and uses the media of Cl2, R40, R142a, R22 , R12. Depending on the mentioned above, we conclude that the second system is the least energy consumption and environmentally pure due to its direct use of the cold sea waters as a cooling medium.https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_128568_bd62750db8a2d4177c8922ec31ece752.pdf