Assiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101NUMERICAL ANALYSIS FOR PREDICTING OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE MIXTURES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS1575159711453010.21608/jesaun.2012.114530ENAshraf M. HeniegalAssistant prof., Civil Strut. Dept., Faculty of Industrial Education, Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt.Journal Article20120624<span>Application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) model to design the mix component of self compacting concrete (SCC) with desirable properties, compressive strength and slump flow, is described in this research Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have recently been introduced as an efficient artificial intelligence modeling technique for applications involving a large number of variables, especially with highly nonlinear and complex interactions among input/output variables in a system without any prior knowledge about the nature of these interactions. Various types of ANN models are developed and used for different problems. In this paper, an artificial neural network of the feed-forward back-propagation type has been applied for the prediction of self compacting concrete mixtures. The main targets are SCC components and the inputs interred are compressive strength and slump flow. Due to the complex non-linear effect of compressive strength and slump flow properties on the SCC components, the ANN model is used to predict the components of SCC parameters (mix components). SCC component parameters were outputted according to a multi mixes taken from 34 papers [1-34] related with self compacting concrete which contains the compressive strength and slump flow test results. Mix component values are considered as the aim of the prediction. A total of 225 specimens were selected from the laboratory results of about 34 researches. The system was trained and validated using 150 training mixes chosen randomly from the data set and tested using the remaining 75 mixes. About 20 mixes of experimental SCC not found in the entered data were performed experimental in order to simulate the program and compare between experimental and predicted mix design. Results indicate that SCC components can be predicted with reliable values to the experimental results using the ANN method.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114530_0bbec74a5a8ef08bac01924950c56445.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101ESTIMATION OF HYDRAULIC JUMP CHARACTERISTICS IN STILLING BASIN WITH GUIDE WALLS1599160911453110.21608/jesaun.2012.114531ENHabib A.A.Water & W.Str. Eng. Dept., Fac. Of Eng., Zagazig Univ., Egypt.Abdel-Azim M. AliHydraulic Research Institute, Egypt.Abd-Allh Y.MWater & W.Str. Eng. Dept., Fac. Of Eng., Zagazig Univ., Egypt.Saleh Y.k.Higher Technological Institute, 10th of Ramadan City, EgyptJournal Article20120705<span>A stilling basin is designed to dissipate the kinetic energy of the flow by a hydraulic jump. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the free hydraulic jump characteristics created in a rectangular stilling basin with a modified guide walls as a current deflector to control the hydraulic jump. A single-vent regulator is tested for different relative deflection angle of the guide walls under the same flow conditions. The characteristics of the jump formed without the guide walls are compared to those of the jump formulated under presence of the guide walls. Theoretical models for U.S Froude number and relative energy losses were derived. The dimensional analysis was employed to drive expressions correlating the different variables affecting the free hydraulic jump phenomena. The derived theoretical models results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, this study yielded conclusions which can be recommended in the design procedure and practical applications.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114531_af298cff25fa6dddf003b37711e9119e.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101NUMERICAL STUDY FOR THE BEHAVIOR OF STRIP FOOTING ON SAND IN THE EXISTENCE OF A BURIED ROCK1611162411453210.21608/jesaun.2012.114532ENAbdelmegeed Kabasy MohamedAssociate professor, Civil Eng. Dept., Assiut University
Current Adress:Civil Eng. Dept.Taif University, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20120710<span>This paper investigates numerically, the effect of a buried rock under strip footing resting on sand. This buried rock can be a part of an old footing or rock that was embedded without any knowledge about its location. In this study, the effect of the buried rock on contact stresses, under the strip footing is analyzed using finite element technique. The rock is proposed to have a cross section of 0.5x0.5 m continuously under the strip footing. The effect of rock position and depth is analyzed under the strip footing. The final results showed that the stresses under the strip footing have increased by 40%, when rock is encountered under the middle of the footing at depth D=0.5m. Moreover, the analyses showed that the stresses under footing had altered when the buried rock lies away from middle footing reaching to the instability of the footing.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114532_2195377e1203e98078812ca1617bee9c.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101EFFECT OF PIPES NETWORKS SIMPLIFICATION ON WATER HAMMER PHENOMENON1625164711453310.21608/jesaun.2012.114533ENHassan IbrahimCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, EgyptAli A. M. GadCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, EgyptJournal Article20120724<span>Simplification is an important design step of water supply and irrigation pipes networks. It is recognized by making the original network easier to be understood and analyzed. Water hammer in water-supply networks may give rise to high and low pressures, due to the superposition of reflected pressure waves. The effect of pipes networks’ simplification on water hammer phenomenon is investigated. This study uses a simple two loops pipes network composed of 12 high density polyethylenes (HDPE) pipes with different diameters, thicknesses, and roughness coefficients representing of a general parallel/series system. The network is fed from a boundary head reservoir and loaded by either distributed or concentrated boundary water demands. According to both hydraulic and hydraulic plus water quality equivalence, three levels of simplifications on the original network are performed. Also, the effect of water demands’ concentration on the transient flow is checked. The transient flow in the network is initialized by either concentrated or distributed boundary water demands which are suddenly shut-off or released. Water hammer and mass oscillation (WHAMO) software which uses the implicit finite difference scheme for solving the momentum and continuity equations at unsteady-state case is used in the simulation. All scenarios produced results showed that both hydraulic equivalence and demands’ concentration simplifications increase the transient pressure and flow rate in the simplified network compared with the original one. However, hydraulic plus water quality equivalence simplification results in an adverse effect. It was found that, as the degree of simplification increases the transient pressure head and flow rate of the simplified network deviate more from those of the original network. Therefore, simplifications of the distribution networks should be done with very careful caution.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114533_cf7e7d6bc1bfebb37e1be36d45db8358.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CODE-BASED LINEAR EVALUATION OF AN EXISTING R.C. SCHOOL BUILDING BEFORE AND AFTER 1992 EGYPT EARTHQUAKE1649166011453410.21608/jesaun.2012.114534ENAhmed Abdelrahem FarghalyCivil and Architectural Building, Faculty of Industrial Education, Sohag University, EgyptAli Mohamed AbdallahCivil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University. Kafrelsheikh , EgyptJournal Article20120813<span>Building codes did not include requirements for special seismic detailing of reinforced concrete structures until the 1970's when several earthquakes demonstrated the need for more ductile design. These buildings are vulnerable to numerous failure modes including: failure of column lap splices; strong beam/weak column failures; captive column failure; punching shear failures in flat plate slabs; and shear and axial load failure of columns with wide transverse reinforcement spacing. A discontinuity in stiffness and strength at the bottom story, due to a soft story, often results in a concentration of earthquake damage at the building base. Several examples of past earthquake behavior are given in this report as well as discussion of various retrofit options. Gravity load designed old school buildings had been heavily damaged by the October, 1992, Egypt earthquake in the regions near the epicenter. Most of the victims were school students because there was no previous knowledge of the ideal behavior dealing with earthquakes, the case that leads to the students' rushing into corridors and stairs. As a result of the weakness of some parapets of corridors, some students fell into the playground. Moreover, the existence of only one stair at most schools cause the accumulation of students over the stair, which led to the death of some students. Samples of old school buildings in Egypt were selected for evaluation to determine the deficient aspects of these buildings. Finally, the research sheds the light on the best public behaviour against earthquakes. The aim of this study is to investigate the code-based procedure of seismic performance assessments of existing buildings and to determine the seismic performance levels of a case study reinforced concrete building, which represents typical existing building stock in Egypt, as well as comparing the consequences of linear static analysis procedures.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114534_451521e52606aab682500ff5849d4294.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101IMPROVEMENT OF NATURAL VENTILATION IN BUILDING USING MULTI SOLAR CHIMNEYS AT DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS1661167711460710.21608/jesaun.2012.114607ENSoubhi A. HassaneinAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aswan Faculty of Energy Engineering, South Valley University, EgyptWaleed A. Abdel-FadeelAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aswan Faculty of Energy Engineering, South Valley University, EgyptJournal Article20120326<span>The solar chimney is a simple and practical tool that is applied to enhance space natural ventilation. This paper reports an experimental work to investigate effects of number of solar chimneys, chimney height, air gap width, and chimney orientation on natural ventilation in a space. Temperatures and velocities profiles were recorded through both chimney channel and room connected to channel under different parametric conditions. The results show that improvement in natural ventilation could be achieved using multi solar chimney. Also, using one, two, or three chimneys could reduce the room center temperature by 6%, 10%, and 12 % respectively, and using two and three chimneys instead of one chimney increased ventilating flow rate to 13% and 33% respectively.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114607_86f16a2727ddd6d8c5bb38894dd8daee.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101ASSESSMENT OF WIND CONDITIONS IN ASSIUT CITY, EGYPT USING LONG-TERM WIND MEASUREMENTS1679169411460810.21608/jesaun.2012.114608ENJournal Article20120707<span>Present paper discusses the performance of an irreversible regenerative The present study investigates the wind conditions in Assiut city, Egypt through the determination of the shape and scale parameter of the Weibull function. The two Weibull parameters are used to estimate the exceedance probability that reflects the ventilation effectiveness of the incident wind. In addition, the Weibull parameters are employed to estimate the wind power density and the available wind energy in Assiut city. The measured wind data covers a period of five years, ranging from 2006 to 2010. The study results show that; the numerical values of the shape and scale parameters are varying over a wide range. The shape parameter varied from 1.8 to 4.57 and the scale factor ranged from 3.74 to 6.38 m/s. In addition, the estimated wind potential for energy generation in Assiut city show that the electricity generation may not be economic since the available wind energy is less than 200 kWh/m2/year.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114608_8c7c4717824ebeab05b002d090f4e4cc.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101OPTIMUM OPERATING PARAMETERS OF AN IRREVERSIBLE GAS TURBINE CYCLE1695171411461110.21608/jesaun.2012.114611ENMaher M. Abou Al-SoodDept. of Mech. Eng., Faculty of Eng., Assiut Univ., Egypt, (71516)Kassem. K. MatrawyDept. of Mech. Eng., Faculty of Eng., Assiut Univ., Egypt, (71516)Yousef M. Abdel-RahimDept. of Mech. Eng., Faculty of Eng., Assiut Univ., Egypt, (71516)Journal Article20120718<span>The present paper discusses the performance of an irreversible regenerative intercooler–reheat gas turbine cycle under wide ranges of design and operating parameters. The study aims to determine the optimum regions of these parameters that satisfy the most requirements of the gas turbine cycle. The operating parameters are the inlet air temperature to the first stage compressor, inlet temperature and pressure of air entering the high pressure turbine and the thermal size (the heat transfer coefficient–area product) of the whole heat exchangers used in the cycle. A mathematical simulation model is developed to calculate the performance parameters of the cycle under different operating conditions. The developed model achieves most of the requirements of the gas turbine cycle (maximum first and second law efficiencies, minimum back work ratio (BWR), maximum ecological coefficient of performance (ECOP), maximum work output, minimum exergy losses, and finally minimum heat added to the cycle). Achieving some or all of these requirements is based on selection of certain small region in the applicable range of operating parameters. The optimum region resulted from the given operating parameters are: 302 K – 315 K for the minimum temperature, 1340 K – 1360 K for the maximum temperature, 1440 kPa – 2830 kPa for the maximum pressure, and finally 20.7 kW/K – 29.6 kW/K for the heat exchangers’ thermal size.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114611_df39b613c4e8dc20288852776ffe0813.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101CIRCULAR, HEXAGONAL AND OCTAGONAL ARRAY GEOMETRIES FOR SMART ANTENNA SYSTEMS USING HYBRID CFO-HC ALGORITHM1715173211461310.21608/jesaun.2012.114613ENA. M. MontaserSohag University, Sohag, Egypt.K. R. MahmoudHelwan University, Helwan, Egypt.Adel B. Abdel-RahmanSouth Valley University, Qena, Egypt.H. A. ElmikatiSenior Member IEEE; Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516,Egypt.Journal Article20120223<span>In this paper, circular, hexagonal and Octagonal array geometries for smart antenna applications are compared. Uniform circular (UCA), uniform hexagonal (UHA) and uniform Octagonal arrays (UOA) with 24 half-wave dipole elements are examined. An efficient global hybrid optimization method is proposed combining the Central Force Optimization (CFO) as a global optimizer and Hillclimbing (HC) algorithm as a local optimizer. After the final global iteration, a local optimization can be followed to further improve the solution obtained from the CFO. The CFO-HC algorithm is used to optimize the complex excitations, amplitudes and phases, of the adaptive arrays elements for beamforming, the CFO-HC algorithm was implemented using MATLAB-software and linked to the CST simulator to simulate the adaptive arrays.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114613_e651b189b32b9fdf8d578c7661b186fb.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101A COMPACT ULTRA-WIDE BAND MICROSTRIP SLOTTED ANTENNA WITH DUAL BAND NOTCHED1733174511461510.21608/jesaun.2012.114615ENM. MamdouhElectrical Engineering Department, Assiut University. Faculty of Engineering Assiut, Egypt-Postal Code: 71518Elsayed Esam M. KhaledElectrical Engineering Department, Assiut University. Faculty of Engineering Assiut, Egypt-Postal Code: 71518Journal Article20120530<span>This paper presents a design of a compact and simple ultra-wide band planar antenna with dual band notched. The antenna consists of a microstrip-fed line and two rectangular slots in the ground plane. The design produces a wide band operation with return loss less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2 to 9.5 GHz. By using a rectangular patch in conjunction with a U patch and etching a U-shaped slot in the feed line, the band of the antenna is increased with two notched bands of central frequencies at 3.5GHz and 5.5 GHz. Defected ground plane and an open shunt stub are proposed to improve the impedance bandwidth of the presented antenna. Parametric studies of antenna elements are presented. The proposed antenna is fabricated. The measured data show very good agreement with the simulated results.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114615_aa16911062731f8e5739dcd837758125.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF A GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM FOR AN MIDDLE-CLASS APARTMENT IN NEW ASSIUT CITY1747175711461710.21608/jesaun.2012.114617ENAhmed G. Abo-KhalilElectrical Engineering Department, Almajmaah University, Saudi ArabiaHammad Abo-ZiedElectrical Engineering Department, Assiut University, EgyptJournal Article20120630<span>This paper presents the complete model and design of a grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) system to supply electric power for an apartment in new Assiut city, Assiut province, Egypt according to its energy requirements. This system can be installed on the roof and the south side of the building. Homer software is used as the sizing and optimization tool to determine the size and specifications requirements of photovoltaic system components, system cost and estimation of corresponding produced electrical power. Simulation results and analyses are presented to validate the proposed system configuration.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114617_85172930ee3ffded8935a99a9f2e287d.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101PLANNING FORM-CLOSURE GRASPS OF 2D OBJECTS FOR ROBOTIC HANDS1759178011461810.21608/jesaun.2012.114618ENKhaled M. ShaabanElectrical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Hesham A. MohamedElectrical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Journal Article20120804<span>Grasp planning is the problem of finding the contact locations and the forces to apply by the fingers on the object surface to grasp it. This work proposes a new technique that solves a simplified version, (2-D), of this planning problem. This technique is used for planning form-closure grasps. In this type of grasp, the fingers surround the object and hold it securely against the palm. It could be used successfully to restrain the object with minimum concern about the applied forces even when the coefficient of friction is small. Instead of using shape primitives or hand preshapes to simplify the problem solution, this work suggests an optimization technique. This technique searches for the maximum value of a Grasp Quality Metric ( ) which corresponds to the best form-closure grasp. To find this value, the proposed technique requires the development of two algorithms. The first one generates a grasp for a given object at a specific approach angle of the robotic hand, and it is called the Grasp Generator. The second one is called the Search Algorithm. This algorithm explores all approach angles for the best grasp. The outputs of this algorithm are the position and the orientation of the palm and the joint angles of the fingers at the best grasp. The proposed method is used for a two-fingered robotic hand with eight degrees of freedom, and it is implemented and tested on a wide variety of 2D objects. The results show the effectiveness of the method to achieve the planning of form-closure grasps of any 2D object.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114618_caefc9dd94dc2d7fd3e980c754a444e1.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101NUMERICAL MODELING OF MACRO-SCALE BRITTLE ROCK CRUSHING DURING IMPACTS1781179211461910.21608/jesaun.2012.114619ENSalah, A. BadrMining Eng. Dept., Faculty of Engineering., king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaGamal, S. AbdelhaffezSecondment from Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Egypt.Journal Article20120122<span>Several machines, such as percussion drills and crushers use the physical effect of compression to crush hard and brittle rocks. These machines are still sized rather by empirical than by scientific approaches. In order to investigate the principles of comminution by compression of single large rock fragment, a numerical model developed by Particle Flow Code “PFC®” program was developed to simulate the dynamics of this system. The model simulates a single rock fragment crushed by a number of fixed kinetic energy ram blows. The simulated fragment is circler granite disk of unit thickness with grain matrix at the range from 2 to 4 mm. The model results indicates that cracks generated due compression are more popular compared to those due shear and this conduct increases with increase of number of hits. The impact energy is consumed mainly in form of friction energy ≈ 52 to 61% inside the fragmented matrix while strain energy stays at the range of ≈ 5%. The rock matrix tends to consume more of these energies as number of impacts increases due change to crushed matrix milling and cushioning. The energy consumed in crushing the rock fragment represents at the range from 32 to 45% of impact energy and tends to decrease as number of hits increase.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114619_800e75550d40df45e230bb2b08a4fbfd.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101EXAMINATION OF CAVITATION EROSION PARTICLES MORPHOLOGY IN CORROSIVE WATERS1793181411462010.21608/jesaun.2012.114620ENS. A. KarrabMining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, EgyptM. A. DoheimMining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, EgyptMohammed S. AboraiaMining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, EgyptS. M. AhmedMechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Majmaah University ,Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20120627<span>Wear particles produced by vibratory cavitation erosion tests on 1045 carbon steels in three different corrosive media: distilled water, tap water and 3 % NaCl water were analyzed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) of wear particles were acquired, forming database for further analysis. This study shows that there is no remarkable difference in the particle size with test solution. However, the frequency distribution of particle sizes differed with the test solution. It is the highest at small sizes for tap and distilled water. While for salt water, it is the highest for the larger sizes (larger than 50 µm). All the particles, irrespective of solution, manifested similar morphological features such as lamellar shape, crack propagation on the particle surface and secondary cracks. This indicates that the particles are produced by a single mechanism, namely, fatigue. With regard to the role of corrosion in the development of cavitation erosion, it was most pronounced in the case of salt water. It was found that dissolution of ferrite acts as areas of stress concentration which give rise to crack initiations. This gives a strong impetus to the crack initiations.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114620_a268f172475e7be4acbd9c034bff7334.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101IMPORTANCE OF THE URBAN SPACES IN THE CONSERVATION OF HERITAGE ZONES1815183611462110.21608/jesaun.2012.114621ENIsmail A.S. El-ShimiHaly AwadJournal Article20120414<span>This paper deals with the impact of the continuous transformation and the changes that is done unconsciously upon the architectural and urban heritage areas associated with the continuous development of these zones. The focus of the research deals with the lack of urban space in many heritage zones accordingly and the omission of their role in the process of their conservation. The paper studies also the role of urban spaces as on effective toll in the conservation of these heritage areas besides the means how to revive the urban w The paper includes a proposed analytical methodology for the conservation of these areas and the application of this method in the field study.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114621_b0e59e53995db6cb4d2919ae119cef7a.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101IMPACT OF THE KINDERGARTEN'S ARCHITECTURE ON THE PERFORMANCE AND THE COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD1837185311462210.21608/jesaun.2012.114622ENIsmail A.S. El-ShimiJournal Article20120414<span>The paper discusses the design process of the kindergarten. Perceiving its importance and designing it according to true scientific basics, which reflects and enhancing the sensory, aesthetic, and cultural level of the Egyptian child. The research challenges also the importance of the childhood era, and the need to provide the sufficient necessaries of the child, whether they are environmental, social, cultural, educational, or recreational, which can be achieved throughout the kindergarten phase, the research discusses also the urge of dealing with the kindergarten as an entity that affects and is affected by its content and context.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114622_1db430be0e82517ef73df830e1040ee3.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101The Role Of The Heritage Ornament Elements In The Formation Of Contemporary Islamic Architectural Identity1855187411462310.21608/jesaun.2012.114623ENEhab Nassr El-dinJournal Article20120323<span>The heritage ornament elements are one of the components of the local architectural nature and identity, and a means to express the cultural inheritance. Those elements should be developed to meet the requirements of the meantime in order to reach a local architectural identity expressing the society’s culture through the historical awareness of the architects who work in the field of developing the heritage ornament elements. The heritage ornament elements play a great role in Formation the Islamic architectural identity and its values; they also play a role in developing those values to be integrated with contemporary architecture to save the place’s authenticity and to ensure the heritage persistence. The paper discusses the relationship between developing those elements and Formation of the local architectural identity analyzing some contemporary successful developed models in order to shape a distinguished contemporary architectural identity to reach a methodology to activate the role of those elements. The paper concludes that in order to develop the heritage ornament elements, the developed ideas of a visionary and creative architect who is aware of his surrounding environment must be applied. In addition to this, the identity basics should be kept but without neglecting the contemporary time variables of modern technologies (Techniques & Methods of Construction - Building Materials -....). The paper recommends the use of the suggested ideological frame while developing the heritage ornament elements.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114623_1f114c62dc54ab98c730904efc491631.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101The Effect of the Third Generation of the Digital Revolution on Developing the Formulation of Contemporary Architectural Forms1875189411462410.21608/jesaun.2012.114624ENMohamed Wahba EbrahimAsst. Prof. at Architectural Engineering and Environmental Design Department College of Engineering and Technology Arab Academy for Science & Technology & Maritime TransportJournal Article20120409<span>Since the earliest beginning of history, architectural fortresses have acquired varied forms and masses. It was possible to interpret justifications for using many of them; however, usage of some of these forms and masses is still considered as a perplexing mystery for scholars, analysts and interested persons in the topic of mass formulation in architecture. For example, the Giza Pyramids in Egypt which were built 4500 years ago, whose pyramidal mass, which was the output of several astronomic and mathematical relations in the pyramid form, the world is still till our present day analyzing the inherent ideas beyond them. Throughout ages, ideas of approaching architectural masses differed till the architectural masses of buildings at the end of the twentieth and the onset of the twenty-first centuries reflected several matters. The most important among these are the architectural, constructive and mechanical sciences and the high technological reality. Thus, the architectural form has turned from static masses to dynamic masses during the digital and information revolution which concentrated on producing supplementary ideas and programs in design. In fact, design by the help of computer programs achieves the uniqueness and distinctiveness of ideas, and the inventiveness of the mass and its transformations so that ideas of the architect are freed away from the traditional limitations and restrictions. With the development of computer technology with the digital, then the information, revolution, numerous generations appeared : the first was the computer technology (computer programs), the second was the digital (internet) and the third was the information (Infomedia). This development has had its direct effect on architecture and urbanization. Architecture has had to correspond with modern needs for users; therefore, what was called digital architectural thinking or the third generation for creating architectural masses, and in turn the third generation of the contemporary urbanization texture, has emerged. This represents the research problem in what we do not find in our local architecture due to following the world in this technology because architects cannot identify it. Hence, it appears the importance of getting to identify what the architectural thought tools have reached and its passage through several generations so that it keeps updated with the age of technology and employs what technology provides of contribution in creating a building or a city that undergoes all kinds of tests before its implementation. All these ideas are interwoven is an architectural entity that contains them which represents a digital reflection on the urban design controlled by information by what is called urbanization and architecture of the third generation of the age of technology in the twentieth-first century. Hence, the research is divided into several axes. To begin with, the first axis deals with the historical background of the architectural mass influence by the industrial, then the digital and the information revolutions passing through the second axis which discusses the influence of the information revolution on the formation of buildings' masses by applying computer programs and identifying what the new methods could provide to the design process of creativity. Then comes the third axis which reflects the manner by which high buildings got influenced by digital technology. As for the fourth axis, it deals with information revolution and its realization of the third generation's dream in terms of technology cities. Finally, the research discusses testing the effect of these methods in the design process through conducting a questionnaire which concludes to an inference which is the information methods and techniques promotes the efficiency of the design process. The research recommends the necessity that students, academics, professionals and practitioners in the field of architectural engineering should identify the information elements and techniques in architectural design in order to correspond to the age development.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114624_b7d1e6f0d97373682e112a1662235f2b.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101The Environmental Architecture between Field Practice and Professional Specialization1895191011462510.21608/jesaun.2012.114625ENIsmail A.S. El-ShimiJournal Article20120521<span>The search deals with illuminating some of the common understanding of the environment and the reality of the built environment (whether open spaces or spaces surrounding occupied urban zones taking health needs into consideration). Then illustrating their varieties, dimensions and their conceptual shapes to deal with them, also the search discusses various statements regarding the configurations reflecting impact upon the environment, and the professional fields that are reflected to it, starting with the western naming as the architectural landscape and concluding by introducing the environmental architecture to be reasonable Arab title to those who are involved in teaching or the profession, also caring for the role of the general protection and also of the specialist that he deals with, in order to impose and support beauty in cities architecture, taking in consideration the forces of nature and people upon the site, besides caring for open spaces outside the cites or in the wildernesses, there fore, completing his roles in planning and design.</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114625_665a49044de8d0a3bd6ea2ba540a8927.pdfAssiut University, Faculty of EngineeringJES. Journal of Engineering Sciences1687-053040No 620121101Visual impacts of urban space’s variables on the preference of user1911192411462610.21608/jesaun.2012.114626ENReham Ibrahim MomtazDepartment of Architecture , Modern Academy for Engineering and TechnologyJournal Article20120725<span>Throughout ages, Urban Spaces play an important role for users as a center of social interactions and a place (field) that they can perform different activities, in addition to that Urban Spaces can clearly clarified the cultural, economic and social levels of users through the reciprocal relationship with those spaces , Therefore this paper aim to understand the correlation between the variables of visual spaces of urban in residential buildings, and their impact on the preference of users towards these Urban Spaces by studying design criteria for the coordination of these urban spaces and the visual formation of their elements, as it had a great importance in giving the aesthetic dimension of the space beside its role in achieving psychological comfort to the user inside these spaces. The paper concluded to the importance of landscaping process to urban spaces and the visual formation of its elements on giving a sense of aesthetic to the space and its impact on the cognitive processes of users towards the space, which does not depend only on the physical components, but also are activated through the variables of visual features that can be coordinated inside the urban spaces and give them their unique identity and character that users feel and interact with it. From this point, we can summarize most cited issues that will be discussed in this research paper to: • Human in Urban Design • The interactions between users and urban spaces • Urban Spaces • Visual Formation of landscape elements in urban spaces • Landscape elements and their impact on the preference of users</span>https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114626_93b4acf4b2413acb6c2154f97e1b7c4f.pdf