DIM for Detecting Cracks in Masonry Piers with Different Crack Patterns

Anwar, Ahmed M.; ELattar, Adel; Abd-elwaly, Ahmed

doi:10.21608/jesaun.2022.147021.1149

DIM for Detecting Cracks in Masonry Piers with Different Crack Patterns

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Associate Professor, Head of Department, Construction Research Institute, National Water Research Center, Egypt

² Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University.

³ Construction Research Institute, National Water Research Center.

10.21608/jesaun.2022.147021.1149

Abstract

In the Framework of identifying defects in structures, Damage Index Method (DIM) is considered one of the trustable tools used intensively. In the present research, DIM – modal displacement based - was applied on experimental data to detect damage for masonry piers. Damage index (DI) was obtained by comparing modal displacement functions for damaged and sound conditions. Firstly, two scaled down piers were prepared experimentally for examination. The piers were of same unit area while the thicknesses were 170, and 260 mm, respectively. The physical models were subjected to different artificial crack patterns. The cracks were created for each pier on three steps representing different intensity of damage. The piers were then examined under free vibration mode at sound condition and after each degradation. The collected records were processed, and DIM was applied. Furthermore, parametric numerical analysis was used to study the effect of crack dimensions, location, shape, and repetition among the simulated piers. The results showed that the selected DI was effective in detecting cracks in masonry structures for all examined cases. Moreover, the investigation showed that as the severity of cracks increased, the identification of damage became easier and was reflected in an increase in DI value. DIM was also able to detect expected route of cracks. On the other hand, DIM can’t be used to obtain degradation level directly but for comparison between severity of cracks in different stages of damage.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Civil Engineering: structural, Geotechnical, reinforced concrete and steel structures, Surveying, Road and traffic engineering, water resources, Irrigation structures, Environmental and sanitary engineering, Hydraulic, Railway, construction Management.

References

[1] D. Foti, “Dynamic Identification Techniques to Numerically Detect the Structural Damage,” Open Constr. Build. Technol. J., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 43–50, 2013.

[2] S. Dimovska and N. Serdar, “The Mechanical Properties of Masonry Walls- Analysis of the Test Results, ” proceeding of International Scientific Conference Urban Civil Engineering and Municipal Facilities, vol. 117, pp. 865–873, 2015.

[3] M. Bošnjak-klečina and S. Lozančić, “Testing of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bricks and Mortar in Historic Structures,” Technical Gazette 17, pp. 209–215, 2010.

[4] Y. Wu, S. Li, D. Wang, “Characteristics of acoustic emission signals of masonry specimens under uniaxial compression test”, Construction and Building Materials, 196, pp. 637 – 648, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.148

[5] A. M. A. Abd Elwaly, “Damage Detection in Masonry Piers of Hydraulic Structures using Dynamic Measurements”, M. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, 2020.

[6] S.H. Sung, H.J. Jung, H.Y. Jung, “Damage detection for beam-like structures using the normalized curvature of a uniform load surface”, J. Sound and Vibration, V 332, Issue 6, pp. 1501 – 1519, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.11.016

[7] C. Michel, A. Karbassi, P. Lestuzzi, Evaluation of the seismic retrofitting of an unreinforced masonry building using numerical modeling and ambient vibration measurements, Eng. Struct. 158, 124–135, 2018.

[8] S.M.H. Pooya and A. Massumi, “A novel and efficient method for damage detection in beam -like structures solely based on damaged structure data and using mode shape curvature estimation”, J. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 91, 670-694, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2020.09.012

[9] F. Sadeghi, Y. Yu, X. Zhu, J. Li, “Damage identification of steel-concrete composite beams based on modal strain energy changes through general regression neural network”, J. Engineering Structures, 244, 112824, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112824

[10] N. Stubbs, J. T Kim and C. R Farrar, “Field verification of a nondestructive damage localization and severity estimation algorithm,” Proc. 13th Int. Modal Anal. Conf. (IMAC XIII), vol. 182, no. August 2016, pp. 210–218, 1995.

[11] P. Cornwell, S. W. Doebling, and C. R. Farrar, “Aplication of the strain energy damage detection method to plate-like structures ,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 224, pp. 359–374,1999.

[12] A. Maghsoodi, A. Ghadami, and H. R. Mirdamadi, “Multiple-crack damage detection in multi-step beams by a novel local flexibility-based damage index,” J. Sound Vib., vol. 332, no. 2, pp. 294–305, 2013.

[13] P. Qiao, K. Lu, W. Lestari, and J. Wang, “Curvature mode shape-based damage detection in composite laminated plates,” J. compsite structures, vol. 80, pp. 409–428, 2007.

[14] F. C. Choi, J. Li, B. Samali, and K. Crews, “Application of the modified damage index method to timber beams,” Eng. Struct., vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 1124–1145, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.07.014

[15] A. Maghsoodi, A. Ghadami, and H. R. Mirdamadi, “Multiple-crack damage detection in multi-step beams by a novel local flexibility-based damage index,” J. Sound Vib., vol. 332, No. 2, pp. 294–305, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.09.002

[16] T. You, P. Gardoni, and S. Hurlebaus, “Iterative damage index method for structural health monitoring”, Structural Monitoring and Maintenance, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 89–110, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/smm.2014.1.1.089

[17] L.H. Yam, T.P. Leung, D.B. Li, and K.Z. Xue, “Theoretical and experimental study of modal strain analysis”, J. of Sound and Vibration, 191 (2), pp. 251-260, 1996.

[18] F. Wang, R. Li, Y. Xiao, Q. Deng, X. Li, and X. Song, “A strain modal flexibility method to multiple slight damage localization combined with a data fusion technique”, Measurement, 182, 109647, 2021,. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109647

[19] S. P. Narayanan and M. Sirajuddin, “Properties of Brick Masonry for FE modeling,” Am. J. Eng. Res., no. 1, pp. 2320–847, 2013.

[20] ME’Scope, 2005, User Manual, Vibrant technology, U.S.A.

[22] A. Rafiee, M. Vinches, “Mechanical behavior of a stone masonry bridge assessed using an implicit discrete element method”, Engineering Structures, 48, pp. 739-749, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.11.035

[23] Paulo B. Lourenco, “Computational Strategies for Masonry Structures”, Delft University Press, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands, 1996. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/27344834

[24] Pieruszczak, S., Niu, X., “Mathematical description of macroscopic behavior of brick masonry”, Int. J. Solids Structures, 29 (5), pp. 531 – 546, 1992.

[25] SAP2000, 2009. CSI: Computers and Structures Inc, Version 14.1.0. Computer software.

[26] Daniele Losanno, Nagavinothini Ravichandran, Fulvio Parisi, Andrea Calabrese, Giorgio Serino, “Seismic Performance of a Low-cost isolation system for unreinforced brick Masonry buildings in developing countries”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 141, 106501, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106501