Estimation of the flood vulnerability index (FVI) for Alexandria city , Egypt: A case study

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Holding company for water and wastewater, Cairo, 11631, Egypt

2 Faculty of Engineering, Ain Sham University, Cairo,11566, Egypt

3 Holding company for water and wastewater, Cairo, 11631, Egypt 2 National Research Center, Cairo,12622, Egypt.

Abstract

Climate change and urbanization are likely to increase the vulnerability of cities by increasing the intensity of flooding, which causes damage to the communities.
The objective of this research is to estimate the Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) for Alexandria City to assist decision-makers develop priority urban flood plans and identify methods for reducing flood risk. In this study, the FVI is generally estimated throw three components: social, physical, and environmental. Moreover, eleven major indicators are used to represent each of these three components, and they are classified according to the three flood factors: exposure, susceptibility, and resilience. Geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing (RS) are applied to obtain the required data and develop maps for identifying the urban flood indictors. The study area has been divided to 16 zones regarding its administrative classification
The 16 zones in Alexandria city's Vulnerability Index for the three components (social, physical , and environmental ) and the overall FVI have been estimated. Population, population density, population access to sanitation, and warning system are used as the four indicators for the social component, whereas the four indicators used for the physical components, are approximately of stream, elevation, rainfall amount , and slope. The environmental component, is evaluated by using three indicators , land use, urban growth, and flood recovery time. The index assigns a number among 0 and 1, indicating relatively low or high urban flood vulnerability. The findings demonstrate that FVI offers a way to assess flood vulnerability and obtain appropriate adaptation choices.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]       [1 Stefania - Florina BALICA, "Introduction," in Applying the Flood Vulnerability Index as a Knowledge base for flood risk assessment, 1st ed, CRC Press/Balkema, 2012, pp.3.
[2]       Mohamed M Nour El-Din," Introduction," in Proposed Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for the Ministry of Water Resources & Irrigation in Egypt, 1st ed, UNESCO-Cairo Office, 2013, pp.2.
[3]       S. F. Balica, N. Douben and N. G. Wright, " Flood vulnerability indices at varying spatial scales," IWA Publishing, Vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 901-917, 2009. DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.183.
[4]       Zoran Vojinovic and Michael B. Abbott," Tracing the roots of urban flood risk," in Flood risk and social justice from quantitative to qualitative, flood risk assessment and mitigation, 1st ed, IWA publishing, 2012,pp.30-34.
[5]       Zoran Vojinovic and Michael B.Abbott," Flood and drainage systems," in Flood risk and social justice from quantitative to qualitative, flood risk assessment and mitigation,1st ed,  IWA publishing, 2012,pp.202-204.
[6]       G. Ciaravino, C. Ciaravino," A Simplified Hydrological Method for Flood Risk Assessment,” WIT Press, Vol.197,  no. 12 , pp103-114,2015.  DOI: doi.org/10.2495/RM150101.
[7]       D C Sun, J Huang , H M Wang, Z Q Wangand W Q Wang, " Risk assessment of urban flood disaster in Jingdezhen City based on analytic hierarchy process and geographic information system ," IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, China , June 26–29 2017, DOI: 10.1007/s12665-015-5157-1.
[8]       Ar. K. Lavanya, " Urban Flood Management – A Case Study of Chennai City, " Architecture Research, Vol.2, no.6, pp 115-121, 2012. DOI: 10.5923/j.arch.20120206.01.
[9]       S.F. Balica, N.G. Wright & van der Meulen, " Flood vulnerability index for coastal cities and its use in assessing climate change impacts," Nat Hazards, Vol. 64, pp. 73-105, 2012. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s11069-012-0234-1.
[10]    Felipe Bittencourt, Marco Follador, Virgílio Pereira, André Rocha, Ciro Vaz, Thiago Vieira, Melina Amoni, Fabio Bicalho," Climate Vulnerability Index: A Case Study for the City of Belo Horizonte, Brazil," in Climate Change Adaptation in Latin America: managing vulnerability, fostering resilience - Climate Change Management series, 1st ed, regional programme Energy security and climate change in Latin America, 2017, pp.24-34.
[11]    Soha A. Mohamed, “Development of a GIS‑based alert system to mitigate flash food impacts in Asyut governorate, Egypt", Natural Hazards, Vol.108, pp.2739–2763, 2021.DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04799-2.
[12]    Mohamed M Nour El-Din," Part One," in Proposed Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for the Ministry of Water Resources & Irrigation in Egypt, 1st ed, UNESCO-Cairo Office, 2013, pp.31.
[13]    Adele Young, Biswa Bhattacharya, Chris Zevenbergen, " A rainfall threshold-based approach to early warnings in urban data-scarce regions: A case study of pluvial flooding in Alexandria, Egypt," Environmental Earth Sciences, Vol.14, no.2, pp1-14., 2021.DOI: 10.1111/jfr3.12702.
[14]    Stefania - Florina BALICA, "A flood vulnerability index for coastal cities use in assessing climate change impacts," in Applying the Flood Vulnerability Index as a Knowledge base for flood risk assessment, 1st ed, CRC Press/Balkema, 2012, pp.94-118.
[15]    Central Agency for Public Mobilization and statistics "Egyptian Statistical yearbook 2016" https://www.capmas.gov.eg/ (accessed March.15,2021).
[16]     Bosy A. El-Haddad, Ahmed M.Youssef, Hamid Reza Pourghasemi, Biswajeet Pradhan, Abdel-Hamid El-Shater, Hisham El Khashab " Flood susceptibility prediction using four machine learning techniques and comparison of their performance at Wadi Qena Basin, Egypt", Natural Hazards, Vol.105,no.3,pp.83–114,2020,DOI:doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04296-y.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics