Nanotechnology and Its Effects on Construction and Building Performance تقنية النانو وتأثيراتها على إنشاء وأداء المباني

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Civil and Architectural Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia

2 of Architectural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mataria, Helwan University, Egypt.

Abstract

Abstract: The study addressed the effects of nanotechnology on building construction and performance, aiming to analyze the impacts of nanotechnology on building construction processes and their functional and environmental performance. It employed a theoretical analytical methodology encompassing three main axes: structural materials (concrete, steel, wood), finishing materials (glass, paints), and non-structural materials (insulation, solar cells). The research relied on a comparative descriptive analysis of material properties before and after nano-treatment, supported by a study of six global application models (e.g., the Regency Church of Life - Japan and the Italian Pavilion at Expo Milan 2015). The results revealed substantial improvements in durability: a 30% increase in concrete strength using nanosilica, and a 40% reduction in maintenance costs for self-cleaning façades. Sustainability efficiency: saving 46,000 kWh annually at the California Training Center through phase-change materials (PCMs), Nanotechnology risks: health hazards (inhalation of 45% of nanoparticles among workers), and environmental challenges (accumulation of 30% non-biodegradable materials). The discussion highlighted a research gap in Arab environments, represented by the scarcity of quantitative studies on material durability under harsh climatic conditions. The study concluded with practical recommendations including: enhancing scientific research tailored to Arab conditions, establishing regulatory standards for occupational safety, and integrating nanotechnology into smart building systems, affirming that this technology represents a fundamental shift in the trajectory of sustainable architecture despite existing challenges.
الملخص: تناولت الدراسة تأثيرات تقنية النانو على إنشاء وأداء المباني حيث هدفت إلى تحليل تأثيرات تقنية النانو على عمليات إنشاء المباني وأدائها الوظيفي والبيئي، باستخدام منهجية تحليلية نظرية شملت ثلاثة محاور رئيسة: المواد الإنشائية (الخرسانة، الحديد، الأخشاب)، مواد التشطيب (الزجاج، الدهانات)، المواد غير الإنشائية (العوازل، الخلايا الشمسية). واعتمد البحث على تحليل وصفي مقارن لخصائص المواد قبل وبعد المعالجة النانوية، مدعومًا بدراسة ستة نماذج تطبيقية عالمية (مثل كنيسة حياة ريجنسي-اليابان والجناح الإيطالي في إكسبو ميلان 2015). كشفت النتائج عن تحسينات جوهرية في خصائص المواد، المتانة: زيادة مقاومة الخرسانة بنسبة 30% باستخدام النانوسليكا، وانخفاض تكاليف صيانة الواجهات الذاتية التنظيف بنسبة 40%. ، كفاءة الاستدامة: توفير 46,000 كيلوواط ساعة سنويًا في مركز تدريب كاليفورنيا عبر مواد متغيرة الطور (PCMs)، مخاطر تقنيات النانو: مخاطر صحية (استنشاق 45% من الجسيمات النانوية لدى العمال)، وتحديات بيئية (تراكم 30% من المواد غير القابلة للتحلل) . كما أبرزت المناقشة الفجوة بحثية في البيئات العربية، تتمثل في ندرة الدراسات الكمية لمتانة المواد تحت الظروف المناخية القاسية وقد وخلصت الدراسة إلى توصيات عملية تشمل: تعزيز البحث العلمي الموجه للظروف العربية، وإرساء معايير رقابية للسلامة المهنية، ودمج تقنيات النانو في أنظمة المباني الذكية، مؤكدةً أن هذه التقنية تمثل تحولاً جوهريًا في مسار العمارة المستدامة رغم التحديات القائمة.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
Volume 54, Issue 1
January 2026
Pages 170-193

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