Design and calculation of tunnel ventilation system for Cairo Metro Line 3 (A case study)

Document Type : Case Study

Authors

1 Demonstrator, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assuit, Egypt

2 Professor, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assuit, Egypt

3 professor, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assuit, Egypt

Abstract

One of the problems of tunnels is lacking enough fresh air for passengers inside the subway. Also, as a result of the friction of the train with the railways inside the tunnel, high heat is generated. So, the design and calculation of an efficient ventilation system are critical for the tunnels. There are several methods used to determine the most effective tunnel ventilation systems while reducing fan energy costs, including their operating performance. The main task of an optimal tunnel ventilation system is to determine the quantity, location, and function of fans to distribute the required fresh air flow at the lowest possible cost. The main parameters for selecting a suitable fan that meet the optimal design of the tunnel ventilation system are the ventilation rate (Q) and the static head pressure (H). Both Q and H of Cairo Metro Line 3 were studied and calculated under different conditions of ventilation design from the obtained data. The amount of the ventilation rate by the fan was taken 80 m3/s which is the actual air flow rate taken from data of the National authority of Cairo Metro No.3. In addition, a comparison is made between various methods to determine the most effective tunnel ventilation system. The static head pressure( H )was calculated. According to the American Brattice Cloth (ABC) rigid duct method, the static head equals to 1171.5Pa , which is the most economical value that is giving the lower power consumption and rate of ventilation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

 

[1].       Eftekharian, E., A. Dastan, and O. Abouali. A numerical investigation into the performance of two types of jet fans in ventilation of an urban tunnel under traffic jam condition. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2014. pp.56-67.
[2].       Passi, A., S.S. Nagendra, and M. Maiya. Characteristics of indoor air quality in underground metro stations: A critical review. Building and Environment, 2021. pp.107-907.
[3].       Hofer, P., J. Eder, and C. Strauß. Decision Support within Complex Subterranean Operations. in NATO Science and Technology Organization Meeting Proceedings Paper (STO-MP-MSG-184). 2021. NATO STO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
[4].       Caliendo, C., G. Genovese, and I. Russo. Risk analysis of road tunnels: A computational fluid dynamic model for assessing the effects of natural ventilation. Applied Sciences, 2020. 11(1): p. 32.
[5].       Li, A. and P. Jones, Developments in strategies used for natural and mechanical ventilation in China. Indoor and Built Environment, 2000. 9(2): pp. 65-74.
[6].       Lacroix, D. and A. Haack, PIARC design criteria for resistance to fire for road tunnel structures. Routes/Roads, 2004(324).
[7].       Li, J.S. and W.K. Chow. Numerical studies on performance evaluation of tunnel ventilation safety systems. Tunnelling and underground space technology, 2003. 18(5): pp. 435-452.
[8].       Colella, F., G. Rein, and R. Carvel. Calculation and design of tunnel ventilation systems using a two-scale modelling approach. Building and environment, 2009. 44(12): pp. 2357-2367.
[9].       Betta, V., F.Cascetta, M. Musto, and G.Rotondo. Numerical study of the optimization of the pitch angle of an alternative jet fan in a longitudinal tunnel ventilation system. Tunnelling and underground space technology, 2009. 24(2): pp. 164-172.
[10].     Betta, V., F.Cascetta, M. Musto, and G.Rotondo. Fluid dynamic performances of traditional and alternative jet fans in tunnel longitudinal ventilation systems. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2010. 25(4): pp. 415-422.
[11].     Jacques, E. and P. Wauters. Improving the ventilation efficiency of jet fans in longitudinally ventilated rectangular ducts. 1999.
[12].     Wang, F., M. Wang, S. He, J. Zhang, and Y. Deng. Computational study of effects of jet fans on the ventilation of a highway curved tunnel. Tunnelling and underground space technology, 2010. 25(4): pp.382-390.
[13].     Witt, K., J. Schütze, AG. Witt, and Sohn. Effective thrust transformation inside tunnels with jet fans. 2008.
[14].     Chen, T., Y. Li, Z. Xu, J. Kong, Y. Liang, and B. Wang. Study of the optimal pitch angle of jet fans in road tunnels based on turbulent jet theory and numerical simulation. Building and Environment, 2019. 165: pp.106-390.
[15].     Król, A.,  M. Król, P. Koper and P. Wrona. Numerical modeling of air velocity distribution in a road tunnel with a longitudinal ventilation system. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2019. 91: p.103003.
[16].     Kamal, H., M. Hussein, and A. Akl. Parametric study of twin tunnel under seismic loads for Cairo Metro Line No. 4. HBRC Journal, 2021. 17(1): pp. 137-156.
[17].     Xue, Y., Y. Xue, X. Li, N.Li, S. Zheng and Z. Wang. Experimental analysis and simulation of a centrifugal jet fan for impulse ventilation systems. Journal of Building Engineering, 2022. 57: pp.104-836.
[18].     Deng, T., S. Norris, and R.N. Sharma. Experimental and numerical study on the flow field of longitudinally ventilated tunnels with water spray system. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2022. 127: p.104575.
[19].     Krasyuk, A., IV. Lugin, and EL. Alferova. Evaluation of ventilation flow charts for double-line subway tunnels without air chambers. Journal of mining science, 2016. 52(4): pp. 740-751.
[20].     Yu, Y., S. You, H. Zhang, T. Ye, Y. Wang, and S. Wei. A review on available energy saving strategies for heating, ventilation and air conditioning in underground metro stations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021. 141: pp.110-788.
[21].     Eldakdoky, S., Analyzing the Newest Interchange Connection at Cairo Metro Network Pertaining to Passenger Flow. Transportation Research Record, 2021. 2675(12): pp. 28-37.
[22].     Liu, Z.,  G. Chen, D. Zhou, and Z. Wang. Numerical investigation of the pressure and friction resistance of a high-speed subway train based on an overset mesh method. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2021. 235(5): pp.598-615.
[23].     Söderberg, B., Simulation of air quality in underground train stations. 2020:604. p.66.
[24].     Hartman, H.L.,  JM. Mutmansky, RV. Ramani, and YJ. Wang. Mine ventilation and air conditioning. 2012: John Wiley & Sons.p.752.
[25].     Howard L Hartman - Mine ventilation and air conditioning-Wiley (1997).pdf.
[26].     Jeffrey , "Aero dyne fan systems" , Bulletin 11 FL 84 , U.S.A.(1997)
[27].     Dang, P.T., Z. Malanchuk, and V. Zaiets. Investigation of resistance and air leakage of auxiliary ventilation ducting in underground mine in Quang ninh. in E3S Web of Conferences. 2021. EDP Sciences.
[28].     Tao, L., Y.Zeng, J. Li, G.Yang, Y.Fang and B.Li. Study on the maximum temperature and temperature decay in single-side centralized smoke exhaust tunnel fires. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2022. 172: pp.107-277.
[29].     Mallach, G., M. St‐Jean, M. MacNeill, and D. Aubin. Exhaust ventilation in attached garages improves residential indoor air quality. Indoor Air, 2017. 27(2): pp.487-499.
[30].     ABC,"Mine, shaft and tunnel ventilation products". ,ABC industries, Inc. U.S.A.,(1997).
[31].     Bleier, F.P., Fan handbook: selection, application, and design. 2018: McGraw-Hill.
[32].     Cairo Metro, P., National Authority for Tunnels (NAT),. Available from:http://www.nat.org.eg/english/index.html.
JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences
Volume 51, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
January and February 2023
Pages 1-14

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics