[1] Abbas, S., Okdeh, N., Roufayel, R., Kovacic, H., Sabatier, J.-M., Fajloun, Z., & Abi Khattar, Z. (2024). Neuroarchitecture: How the perception of our surroundings impacts the brain. Biology (Basel, 13(4), 220.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13040220
[2] Abdous, M., Al-Zahrani, A., Bates, T., Chu, S. K. W., Popenici, S., & Kerr, S. (2024). Exploring the impact of artificial intelligence on higher education.
Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11, Article 34.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41599-024-03432-4 (Supports the transformative impact of AI on higher education, including teaching, learning, and social interactions, with evidence from engineering and other disciplines.)
[3] Akram, A. (2010). Semi-virtual knowledge engineering: development of semi-virtual knowledge learning process to improve the semi-virtual individual learning. Communications of the IIMA, 10(2), 6.
DOI: 10.19030/iima.v10i2.3144
[4] Al-Salman, S., & Haider, A. S. (2021). Jordanian University Students' Views on Emergency Online Learning during COVID-19. Online Learning, 25(1), 286-302.
DOI: 10.24059/olj.v25i1.2405
[5] Alahmadi, N., & Muslim Alraddadi, B. (2020). The impact of virtual classes on second language interaction in the Saudi EFL context: A case study of Saudi undergraduate students. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 11.
DOI: 10.24093/awej/vol11no3.9
[6] Al-Enezi, M., & Al-Saleh, K. (2020). The effect of classroom lighting on students’ academic achievement and learning performance in engineering education. International Journal of Engineering Education, 36(1), 270–277.
[7] Andujar, A., & Spratt, M. (2023). Using AI to Support CLIL Teacher Language. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 14(2), 7-19.
DOI: 10.22055/rals.2023.21570
[8] Arndt, P.A. (2012) ‘Design of Learning Spaces: Emotional and Cognitive Effects of Learning Environments in Relation to Child Development’, Mind, Brain, and Education, 6(1), pp. 41-48.
[9] Assem, H., Tolba, O., & Ashour, S. (2020). The Restorative Effect OF Different Landscape Design Setting on Adults: The Case of AL-Azhar Park in Cairo. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 67(5), 1001-1018.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jeas.2020.09.005
[10] Assem, H. M., Khodeir, L. M., & Fathy, F. (2023). Designing for human wellbeing: the integration of neuroarchitecture in design–a systematic review. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 102102.
DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2023.102102
[11] Barrett, P., Davies, F., Zhang, Y., & Barrett, L. (2015). The impact of classroom design on pupils' learning: Final results of a holistic, multi-level analysis. Building and Environment, 89, 118-133.
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.016
[12] Charitos, D. (1997). Designing space in virtual environments for aiding wayfinding behaviour. Paper presented at the Department of Architecture, University of Strathclyde. The fourth UK VR-SIG Conference, Brunel University, 1st November. [No DOI available]
[13] Chen, Y.-W., Chang, W.-H., & Ku, C.-C. (2016). A comparative study of the divergent problem solving abilities of mathematically and scientifically talented students and nongifted students. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 22, 247-255.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsc.2016.04.005
[14] Chang, J. Y. F., Wang, L. H., Lin, T. C., Cheng, F. C., & Chiang, C. P. (2021). Comparison of learning effectiveness between physical classroom and online learning for dental education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Dental Sciences, 16(4), 1281-1289.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.001
[15] Cininta, M., Santy, D., & Irmayasari, E. T. (2024). Innovative Approaches to Architectural Education: Metaverse Technology and Learning Resilience. 1404, 012054. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1404/1/012054
[16] de Paiva, A. (2018). Neuroscience for architecture: how building design can influence behaviors and performance. Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 12(2), 132-138.
DOI: 10.17265/1934-7359/2018.02.005
[17] Derakhshan, A., & Shakki, F. (2024). Opportunities and Challenges of Implementing Online English Courses in Iranian Public and Private Schools. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 15(1), 17-31.
DOI: 10.22055/rals.2024.21572
[18] Determan, J., Akers, M. A., Albright, T., Browning, B., Martin-Dunlop, C., Archibald, P., & Caruolo, V. (2019). The impact of biophilic learning spaces on student success. American Institute of Architecture, Building Research Knowledgebase. [No DOI available]
[19] Fajardo, M. L. N., Higuera-Trujillo, J. L., & Llinares, C. (2023). Lighting, colour and geometry: Which has the greatest influence on students' cognitive processes? Frontiers of Architectural Research.
DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2023.05.001
[20] Fallah, H., Razmjoo, S. A., Sahragard, R., & Jafari, S. M. (2024). Factors Contributing to Iranian EFL Institute Teachers' Identity Reconstruction in Online Classes. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 15(1), 3-16.
DOI: 10.22055/rals.2024.21573
[21] Fink, S. J. (2021). Physical to Virtual: A Model for Future Virtual Classroom Environments. [No DOI available]
[22] Guo, S., Wang, X., Deng, W., Hong, J., Wang, J., & Wu, Y. (2022). Whose spatial ability benefits from learning with 3D design? From the perspective of learning analysis. Educational Technology & Society, 25(1), 179-192.
DOI: 10.1016/j.educ.2022.06.002
[23] Higuera-Trujillo, J. L., Llinares, C., & Macagno, E. (2021). The cognitive-emotional design and study of architectural space: A scoping review of neuroarchitecture and its precursor approaches. Sensors, 21(6), 2193.
DOI: 10.3390/s21062193
[24] Hill, F., Tomkinson, B., Hiley, A., & Dobson, H. (2016). Learning style preferences: An examination of differences amongst students with different disciplinary backgrounds.
Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 53(2), 122–134.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2014.981841 (Compares learning style preferences between engineering and humanities students, providing empirical evidence for disciplinary differences relevant to Biglan’s and Kolb’s theories.)
[25] Holden, C. L., & Sykes, J. M. (2011). Leveraging mobile games for place-based language learning. International Journal of Game-Based Learning (IJGBL), 1(2), 1-18.
DOI: 10.4018/jgbl.2011040101
[26] Hu, J., Peng, Y., Chen, X., & Yu, H. (2021). Differentiating the learning styles of college students in different disciplines in a college English blended learning setting. PloS One, 16(5).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250938
[27] Hua, C., & Wang, J. (2023). Virtual reality-assisted language learning: A follow-up review (2018–2022). Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1153642.
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153642
[28] Hussain Al-Qahtani, M. (2019). Teachers’ and students’ perceptions of virtual classes and the effectiveness of virtual classes in enhancing communication skills. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue: The Dynamics of EFL in Saudi Arabia.
DOI: 10.24093/awej/efl3.4
[29] Inoue, Y. (2012). Virtual reality learning environments. Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 3407-3410. [No DOI available]
[30] Jones, C., Reichard, C., & Mokhtari, K. (2003). Are students' learning styles discipline specific? Community College Journal of Research & Practice, 27(5), 363-375.
DOI: 10.1080/10668920390174746
[31] Konak, A., Clark, T. K., & Nasereddin, M. (2014). Using Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle to improve student learning in virtual computer laboratories. Computers & Education, 72, 11-22.
DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2013.10.016
[32] Kösa, T., & Karakuş, F. (2018). The effects of computer-aided design software on engineering students’ spatial visualisation skills. European Journal of Engineering Education, 43(2), 296-308.
DOI: 10.1080/03043797.2017.1374295
[33] Kustandi, C., Fadhillah, D., Situmorang, R., Prawiladilaga, D., & Hartati, S. (2020). VR use in online learning for higher education in Indonesia. [No DOI available]
[34] Lan, C.-H., Sheng, M.-H., Hsu, Y.-C., & Shiue, Y.-M. (2019). Influence of online and face-to-face collaboration and learning style on cognitive load and engagement in a health introductory course. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics. [No DOI available]
[35] Lin, T.-J., & Lan, Y.-J. (2015). Language learning in virtual reality environments: Past, present, and future. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 18(4), 486-497. [No DOI available]
[36] López-Chao, V., et al. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review of Design Considerations in Learning Space Design. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 32(3), 971-998.
[37] Maher, M. L., Simoff, S., Gu, N., & Lau, K. H. (2000). Designing virtual architecture. Paper presented at the Proceedings of CAADRIA. [No DOI available]
[38] Makransky, G., Terkildsen, T. S., & Mayer, R. E. (2019). Adding immersive virtual reality to a science lab simulation causes more presence but less learning. Learning and Instruction, 60, 225-236.
DOI: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2018.12.002
[39] Mansor, M. S. A., & Ismail, A. (2012). Learning styles and perception of engineering students towards online learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 669-674.
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.418
[40] Molineiro, A. de Q. P., Jorge, E. M. de F., Moreira, J. A. C., Miranda, J. G. V., Sales, K. M. B., & Cardoso, H. S. P. (2022). Architectural design of classroom to stimulate learning in Higher Education. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 10(4), 87–102. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol10.iss4.3707
[41] Moneim, D. (2005). Architecture and Human Behavior, Does Design Affect Our Senses. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Engineers. [No DOI available]
[42] Morsi, W. K., & Abou El-Seoud, S. (2022). Students’ Perception of English Language Learning in Virtual Discussion Boards. In International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (pp. 571-582). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-97077-4_50
[43] Morsi, W. K., & Assem, H. M. (2021). Online versus face-to-face collaborative learning: Perceptions of students and instructors of technical writing for engineers. In 2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) (pp. 1571-1581). IEEE.
DOI: 10.1109/EDUCON46332.2021.9453964
[44] Morsi, W. K. (2023). The Impact of the Blended Learning Approach on Sustainable EFL Learning in an Egyptian Context. Cultural Management: Science & Education, 7(1).
DOI: 10.31559/cmse2023.1.6
[45] Myung, J., & Jun, H. (2020). Emotional responses to virtual reality-based 3D spaces: focusing on ECG Response to single-person housing according to different plan configurations. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 19(5), 445-457.
DOI: 10.1080/1346727X.2020.1820443
[46] Obeidat, A., & Al-Share, R. (2012). Quality learning environments: Design-studio classroom. Asian Culture and History, 4(2), 165.
DOI: 10.5539/ach.v4n2p165
[47] Passos, A. D., Jorge, E., Moreira, J. A., Miranda, J. G., Sales, K., & Saba, H. (2022). Architectural design of classrooms to stimulate learning in higher education: An approach connected with neuroeducation and neuroarchitecture. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 10(4), 87–102. https://doi.org/Seifan, M., Robertson, N., & Berenjian, A. (2020). Use of virtual learning to increase key laboratory skills and essential non-cognitive characteristics. Education for Chemical Engineers, 33, 66-75.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ece.2020.06.001
[48] Saleeb, N., & Dafoulas, G. (2010). Analogy between Impact of architectural design characteristics of learning spaces on learners in the physical world and 3D virtual world. https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/14574/
[49] Saleeb, N., Dafoulas, G., & Loomes, M. J. (2016). The role of architectural design in virtual worlds for educational purposes. 32–40.
https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/22082/
[50] Sattarzade, M.H., Tahmasebi, Boroujeni S.(2021). Does Red Background Color Enhance Short-term Memory or Blue?. International Journal of Motor Control and Learning, 3(3):57-66.
[51] Sharma, C. (2024). Virtual Learning Practices in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at Mid-West University during the COVID Pandemic. Mangal Research Journal, 5(01), 31–46.
https://doi.org/10.3126/mrj.v5i01.73472
[52] Suryawinata, B., & Mariana, Y. (2022). The role of virtual reality in green building design. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. [No DOI available]
[53] Swarat, S., Oliver, P. H., Tran, L., Childers, J. G., Tiwari, B., & Babcock, J. L. (2017). How disciplinary differences shape student learning outcome assessment: A case study. Aera Open, 3(1), 2332858417690112.
DOI: 10.1177/2332858417690112
[54] Thrasher, T. (2022). The Impact of Virtual Reality on L2 French Learners' Language Anxiety and Oral Comprehensibility: An Exploratory Study. CALICO Journal, 39(2).
DOI: 10.1558/cj.22260
[55] Ummihusna, A., & Zairul, M. (2022). Investigating immersive learning technology intervention in architecture education: A systematic literature review. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 14(1), 264-281.
DOI: 10.1108/JARHE-07-2021-0211
[56] Vergara, D., Rubio, M. P., & Lorenzo, M. (2017). On the design of virtual reality learning environments in engineering. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 1(2), 11.
DOI: 10.3390/mti1020011
[57] Yilmaz, K. (2011). The cognitive perspective on learning: Its theoretical underpinnings and implications for classroom practices. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 84(5), 204-212.
DOI: 10.1080/00098655.2011.580943
[58] Zhang, Z. (2024). Linking architecture and emotions: sensory dynamics and methodological innovations. https://doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-410676